一词多义的语用充实与英语词汇学习的语用意识提升

Pragmatic Enrichment of Polysemy and Awareness Development in Word Learning

一词多义作为一种普遍存在的语言现象,指的是一个词有两个或者更多的义项,且这些义项间存在着相互关联。本文结合英语和汉语多义词语料,试图从词汇语用学的角度对多义词的语用充实现象进行解释。多义词的选择和理解实际上是在经过语用充实后,其原型意义在一定语境下的收缩或扩充。本文从语用充实角度为多义词的认知提供了一个新的视角,说明多义词的使用和理解是在词汇语用学的框架内,一个以语境为基础的认知—语用问题,而不仅仅是个语言问题,因而在学习多义词时,要提高学习者的语用意识,使他们能够结合语境进行语用加工,进而寻求多义词词义的最佳语境意义。

As an important and pervasive semantic phenomenon across language,polysemy refers to the phenomenon that one lexical unit may be associated with a whole range of senses which are related to each other in a systematic way.This paper based on both English and Chinese semantics’interpretation on polysemy in order to account for the pragmatic enrichment on polysemy from lexical pragmatics perspective.The choices and understanding of polysemy depend on the pragmatic enrichment,and phototypical meaning of polysemy narrows or broadens within certain context.This paper provides a new approach to the cognitive study on polysemy,and tries to illustrate the choices and understanding of polysemy within the framework of lexical pragmatics,concluding this issue to be a cognitive-pragmatic issue.Therefore,the learners should develop their pragmatic awareness from the perspective of enrichment when they are learning the words in order to find the suitable meaning of the polysemy within certain context.