1928-1937年北平市小学教育探析

Research on Elementary Education in Peking from 1928 to 1937

1928年北平特别市成立时,小学教育百废待兴。为普及义务教育,北平市政府在整顿公私立小学的同时,大力兴办短期小学及简易小学,实行二部制教学,以救济失学儿童;改善小学教职员的待遇,加强教职员的检定和培训,以提高师资水平。从小学课程设置上来看,最为显著的是在各小学校全面设置党义课,并十分注重学生的训育管理。通过以上实践,北平市小学教育有所发展,但总体来说,仍处于一个较低的水准。

Elementary education had to be done when Peking as special city was founded in 1928. Peking municipal government developed simply equipped and short-term elementary school and rectified public schools and private schools so as to popularize compulsory education. Peking government carried out halftime system teaching in order to assist dropout children, and it improved the treatment of elementary teachers and enhanced training and appraisals of teachers for raising teachers＇ quality. Most strikingly, the courses of Party＇s Duties was offered in every school and discipline education was emphasized. Elementary education made some progress but it still was in poor conditions on the whole.