结构式家庭治疗对注意缺陷多动障碍儿童行为与执行功能的影响

The Effect of Structure Family Therapy on Behaviors and Executive Functions of Children with ADHD

目的探讨结构式家庭治疗对注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)儿童行为与执行功能的影响。方法对37例ADHD儿童(实验组)进行结构式家庭治疗,于治疗前和治疗8次后用Conners父母评定问卷(PSQ)、威斯康星卡片分类测验(WCST)分别评定其行为和执行功能,并与同期的40名健康儿童志愿者(对照组)比较。结果①治疗后实验组的PSQ和WCST各指标均显著下降[如冲动多动(1.23±0.57)vs.(0.89±0.32),持续错误百分数(62.22±14.81)vs.(53.43±11.89);P均<0.05];②实验组治疗后持续性错误百分数[(53.43±11.89)vs.(44.64±13.38),P=0.007]与对照组相比仍有显著差异。结论结构式家庭治疗能有效改善ADHD儿童的异常行为,提高其执行功能,但症状消失后部分执行功能并未恢复到正常水平。

Objective To study the effect of structural family therapy(SFT)on behaviors and executive functions of children with ADHD.Methods A total of 37 children with ADHD(study group)were treated with SFT for 8 times and their behaviors were evaluated by using Conners Parents Symptom Questionnaire(PSQ),executive function was determined by using Wisconsin Card Sorting Test(WCST)before and after training.Another 40 healthy subjects were involved as controls and they were given simultaneously the same tests.Results The scores of PSQ and WCST were decreased significantly after training[For example,compulsion and hyperactivity(1.23±0.57)vs.(0.89±0.32),the Rpep(62.22±14.81)vs.(53.43±11.89);P<0.05],but the Rpep was still severer than that of controls [(53.43±11.89)vs.(44.64±13.38),P=0.007].Conclusion The SFT can improve behaviors and executive functions of children with ADHD.Some of executive functions can't be restored to normal level even in a relieved symptom.