广州地区医科大学生社会支持、自我效能感关系调查研究

Relationship between Social Support and Self-efficacy of Medical Students In Guangzhou Area

目的了解目前广州地区医科大学生社会支持、自我效能感的影响因素,以及两者之间的关系。方法用肖水源的社会支持量表和王才康的大学生自我效能感量表(GSES),对广州地区3所医科大学在校本科生做调查。结果①有效问卷932份,能较好利用社会支持的人数为494人(53.00%);自我效能感较高的人数为436人(46.78%)。两者比率都接近中等水平。两者得分均值低于中国的常模水平;②不同分类亚群学生社会支持、自我效能感差异有统计学意义:女生、城镇生、学过心理知识的学生比男生、农村生、未学过心理知识学生得到的社会支持多(性别t=-5.986,P<0.001;生源地t=-2.176,P=<0.05;心理知识t=5.488,P<0.001);学过心理知识、年长生比无学过心理知识、年幼生自我效能感高(心理知识t=3.957,P=0.007;年龄t=-2.038,P<0.001);③社会支持与自我效能感两者之间呈正相关(r=0.230,P<0.001)。结论①广州地区医科大学生社会支持、自我效能感处于中等水平,低于全国常模水平;②得到的社会支持与性别、生源地、心理知识有关;自我效能感与心理知识、年龄有关;③社会支持与自我效能感两者之间呈正相关关系。

Objective To understand impact factors of social support and self-efficacy of medical students,and their relationship.Methods Using social support scale and college students＇ self-efficacy scale（GSES）to investigate medical college students from 3 Guangzhou medical university.Results ① Effective questionnaires were 932,Which was good use of social support was 494 people,accounted for 53.00%;the number that has higher self-efficacy was 436 people,it accounted for 46.78%.Both in mid-level ratio.Both the mean scores were lower than the norm.② There were significant differences in social support and self-efficacy among different categories of students,Girls,urban students,the students learned psychology received more social support（Gender t=-5.986,P0.001;Student nationalities t=-2.176,P0.05;Psychological knowledge t=5.488,P0.001）;Studied the psychological knowledge,years than living without learned psychological knowledge,young born got higher self-efficacy scores（psychological knowledge t=3.957,P=0.007;age t=-2.038,P0.001）.③Students＇ self-efficacy had a positive correlation with social support.（r=0.230,P=0.000）.Conclusion ①Guangzhou medical students＇ social support and self-efficacy are at the middle level,and lower than the national norm;②Social support is related to gender,students nationalities,the psychological knowledge;Self-efficacy is related to psychological knowledge and age;③ Social support is positively correlated to self-efficacy.