甘蔗试管苗瓶外生根技术的研究

Studies on ex vitro Rooting of Sugarcane Microshoots

[目的]优化甘蔗试管苗瓶外生根的环境条件,提高成活率,降低生产成本。[方法]研究外界环境因素对甘蔗无根试管苗瓶外生根及生长的影响,比较瓶内和瓶外生根试管苗的成活率及株高差异。[结果]高肥力基质(如商品基质)处理的无根试管苗成活率低,但成活植株生长快,植株高,而低肥力基质(如新鲜河沙)更有利于无根试管苗生根成活,但植株生长慢;利用遮阳网和盖膜等措施调节温度、湿度和光照可使试管苗的生长环境逐渐过渡到自然环境条件;另外,瓶内生根试管苗的成活率和株高均显著高于瓶外生根试管苗。[结论]试管苗瓶外生根技术的研究成功有利于简化传统甘蔗试管苗生根技术,降低生产成本,促进甘蔗健康种苗的大面积推广种植。

[Objective] To optimize the ex vitro rooting conditions of sugarcane microshoots,improve their survival rate and reduce the production costs.[Method] The effect of external environmental factors on the ex vitro rooting and growth of sugarcane microshoots was studied,the survival rate and plant height of in vitro and ex vitro rooting were compared.[Result] The high fertile substrate（commercial） was not beneficial for higher survival rate but promoted the growth of plants,while the lower fertile substrate（sand） was not beneficial for growth of shoot,but resulted in higher survival rate.The temperature,humidity and light intensity of ex vitro microenvironment should be changed gradually to natural ones during acclimatization through covering of plastic film and shading net and proper water management after transplanting so that sugarcane microshoot could be well adjusted to natural conditions at last.In addition,the in vitro rooting shoots showed higher survival rate and better growth than the ex vitro shoots.[Conclusion] The current study will help to develop the techniques for attaining higher survival rate of micro shoots and ultimately reduce the cost of large scale production of disease-free tissue cultured sugarcane plantlets.