基于景观生态学的农村居民点用地演变及影响因素分析——以吉林省磐石市为例

Land Use Evolution of Rural Settlements Based on Landscape Ecology and Analysis of Its Influencing Factors

应用GIS空间分析以及景观指数的定量分析方法,以吉林省磐石市为研究区域,从综合区域环境下对农村居民点用地特征及影响因素进行了分析。研究结果表明:农村居民点分布现状总体呈大分散、局部小组团格局特征,呈现现代与传统时代发展特征并存的无序扩展局面;居民点的布局与农业生产密切相关;农村居民点分布趋向于沿河道分布的线状和沿水库分布的环形格局;农村居民点的分布趋向于向交通干道附近扩展的趋势。在构建城镇化进程的宏观背景下,开展农村居民点集约利用研究,已成为在经济发展过程中缓解土地要素制约的根本途径,同时也成为推进社会主义新农村建设,促进产业结构优化升级,加速地区城镇化进程的重要手段。

GIS spatial analysis and quantitative analysis of landscape indexes were applied to analyze land use features and influence factors of rural settlements in Panshi City,Jilin Province in view of the comprehensive regional environment.The results showed that（A） Rural settlements are mostly scattered,and concentrated in small groups,showing the co-existence and disorderly expansion of modern and traditional development features;（B） Layouts of rural settlements are closely related to agricultural production;（C） Rural settlements are mostly distributed in the linear patterns along rivers and in the ring patterns around reservoirs;（D） Distribution of rural settlements gradually expands to the neighboring areas of traffic arteries.Against the macro background of urbanization,studying the intensive utilization of rural settlements is a fundamental approach of relieving restriction of land elements,and also an important approach of promoting the construction of new socialist countryside,the optimization of industrial structure and the acceleration of regional urbanization.