Fe^(2+)、Ca^(2+)及其相互作用对蒜根尖生长和细胞分裂的影响

The effect of Fe^(2＋)Ca^(2＋)and their interaction on the root growth and mitosis of the bulb of Allium L.

用不同浓度（ 100～ 400mg/L）的 Fe2＋、 Ca2＋和 Fe2＋＋ Ca2＋ 溶液处理蒜鳞茎发现： Fe2＋、 Ca2＋对蒜根毒害的表现不同 ,Fe2＋为积累中毒 ,引起的细胞核异常主要为微核和核解体 ,而 Ca2＋为不完全积累中毒 ,导致的细胞核异常突出表现为染色体解体普遍发生 ,Fe2＋毒害高于 Ca2＋ .Ca2＋对 Fe2＋的毒害有一定的抑制作用 ,能提高细胞分裂比率 ,但同时也提高异常细胞比率 ,基本趋势为根长度 Ca2＋ >Fe2＋＋ Ca2＋ >Fe2＋，细胞分裂比率 Ca2＋ >Fe2＋＋ Ca2＋ >Fe2＋；异常细胞比率 Ca2＋ >Fe2＋＋ Ca2＋ >Fe2＋ .

When the bulb of Allium L. was treated in solution in which there were different Fe2＋、 Ca2＋ and Fe2＋＋ Ca2＋ concentrations, there were differences of toxication on the bulb of Allium L.caused by Fe2＋ and Ca2＋ .The toxication of Fe2＋ was accumulated,and the main abnormalities were micronucleus and nucleus disintegration.The obvious characteristic was that more chromosome disintegration appeared in abnormal nucleus caused by the Ca2＋ .The toxication of the Fe2＋ was worse than that of Ca2＋ . The Ca2＋ had some effect of restrain on the toxication of the Fe2＋ , could raise the mitosis rate of root tip cells,but it raised the abnormal nucleus ratio also.The basic trend was as follows:length of root Ca2＋ >Fe2＋＋ Ca2＋ >Fe2＋ ;rate of mitosis Ca2＋ >Fe2＋＋ Ca2＋ >Fe2＋ and rate of abnormal nucleus Ca2＋ >Fe2＋＋ Ca2＋ >Fe2＋ .