红外空域弱小目标探测系统中恒虚警技术研究

Research of CFAR in infrared airspace small target detection system

对空域中弱小目标的探测是红外成像防御与制导的关键技术。由于空域中弱小目标距离较远,在红外探测器上呈现为无纹理特征的弱小点。由于红外探测器噪声与视场中杂波干扰,很难将目标从红外图像中提取出来。在红外空域弱小目标探测系统中,虚警率与探测率是一对矛盾的概念。针对这一问题提出了一种基于杂波模型估计理论的恒虚警(CFAR)检测技术。该CFAR技术是建立在对红外图像背景杂波分析建模的基础上,根据Neyman-Pearson准则设计CFAR检测器,实现在恒定虚警的前提下最大化追求系统的探测率,以此提高红外空域弱小目标探测系统的探测距离和目标识别能力。

The detection of weak and small targets over the airspace is the key technology in infrared imaging defense and guidance.The targets in the infrared detector are the weak points without texture characteristics because the are in the distance.Due to the influence of infrared detector noise and clutter in the field,it is difficult to distinguish target from the infrared image.The false alarm rate and the detection rate are a pair of contradictory concepts in infrared airspace small target detection system.CFAR technology was proposed which was based on the theory of clutter model estimation to solve this problem.This CFAR techndogy was based on the model which was established according to the infrared image background clutter and CFAR detector was designed according to Neyman-Pearson criteria.This CFAR detector could make the detection rate maximum under the condition of limiting the false alarm rate.This algorithm improves the detection range and the recognition capability of the infrared airspace small target detection system.