黄河班多段鱼类多样性初步研究及保护对策

Research on Fish Diversity and Protection Measures in Banduo Section of Yellow River

黄河班多段位于青海省兴海县境内,是黄河上游主要鱼类分布区之一。2011年4-11月对黄河班多段鱼类资源进行了调查。设采样点4个,分别在鱼类生长繁殖的重要时期使用不同网具采捕4次,并结合走访调查及鱼类样本的实验室鉴定与分析,重点研究鱼类种类、鱼类多样性、丰富度及均匀度,并提出了保护对策。结果表明,本次调查共采集鱼类10种、138尾,均为土著鱼类,种类占黄河上游青海段鱼类近1/2,班多段鱼类多样性相对黄河上游青海段其它水域较高,鱼类组成与黄河上游青海段其它水域相似,种类相对比较丰富,涉及多种保护鱼类,但每种鱼的个体均匀度较差,抗外界扰动的能力差。

Banduo section in yellow river is the main fish distribution area in the upper reaches of the Yellow River,located in Xinhai county.We have investigated the fish resource at this area from April to November in 2011.Four sampling sites were set up and we collected the fish samples at fish growing and reproduction important period using different nets for 4 times.Combined with visiting survey and laboratory analysis,the fish species,fish diversity,fish richness index and fish evenness were studied and the related protection measures are provided.A total of 10 genera and 138 fish species were collected from this survey and all the species belongs to the native fish species.These fish species accounted for almost half of the total fish species in the upper reaches of the Yellow Rive in Qinghai area.From the investigation results,the fish diversity was relatively high and the composition of fish species were similar with other area of the Yellow River in Qinghai.Several kinds of protection fish were involved.However,the evenness of individual fish was low,which indicated that its resistance ability to external disturbances is very low.