儿内科医院感染的调查分析

Investigation of nosocomial infections in pediatric department

目的了解2006-2010年儿内科医院感染的部位及抗菌药物应用情况,调查感染因素和医院感染管理中存在问题,为较好控制医院感染提供科学依据。方法回顾性调查分析2006-2010年发生医院感染住院患儿临床资料。结果 13 701例住院患儿医院感染211例,感染率为1.54%;以上呼吸道感染居首位,占61.61%,其次为胃肠道、口腔和下呼吸道感染等,占17.06%、13.75%、4.74%;211例发生医院感染患儿中1月龄～1岁的患儿占47.39%、1～2岁占34.12%、>2岁占18.49%;住院天数<7d的占13.75%,7～10d占31.75%,≥10d占54.50%;211例患儿中,170例使用抗菌药物,使用率为80.57%。结论加强儿内科医院感染控制,缩短住院时间,提高患儿住院周转率,增强手卫生意识,控制好环境卫生,合理应用抗菌药物,根据病原学特点和药敏试验选择抗菌药物。

OBJECTIVE To explore the nosocomial infection sites and the infection status as well as the use of antibiotics in pediatric department from 2006 to 2010 and investigate the related factors and the problems in management of nosocomial infections so as to provide basis for the control of nosocomial infections.METHODS The hospitalized children with nosocomial infections from 2006 to 2010 were retrospectively analyzed.RESULTS There were 211 case-times of patients with nosocomial infections among 13 701.hospitalized children,the case-time infection rate was 1.54%;the major infection site was upper respiratory tract,accounting for 61.61%,followed by gastrointestinal tract（17.06%）,oral cavity（13.75%） and lower respiratory tract（4.74%）;of 211 children with nosocomial infections,the children aged from 1 month to 1year old accounted for 47.39%,1-2 years old 34.12%,more than 2 years old 18.49%;the children with the hospital stay less than 7 days accounted for 13.75%,7-10 days 54.50%,more than 10 days 54.50%;of 211 children,170 cases used antibiotics with the use rate of 80.57%.CONCLUSION We should strengthen the control of nosocomial infections in pediatric department,shorten the hospital stay,raise the turnover rate of the hospitalization,intensify the awareness of the hand hygiene,control the environmental sanitation,and reasonably use antibiotics on the basis of etiology examination and drug susceptibility testing.