浅析我国环境侵权的民事责任

The Civil Liability of Environmental Torts in China

环境侵权民事责任具有主体多样性、不法行为多样性、损害后果多样性以及同质救济性的特点,并由损害事实、加害行为、行为与损害事实之间存在推定的因果关系等要件构成。鉴于我国环境侵权民事责任存在的环境权保护不充分、因果关系判定标准不确定、权利救济不够充分等问题,建议在宪法中明确环境权概念,在司法实践上注重集团诉讼及公益诉讼的运用,明确因果关系的判定标准,全面救济受害人的权利。

Environmental torts, usualy concerning diversified subjects, illegal behaviors, damage and homogenous relief, consist of damage, harmful behavior, causation presumption between the behavior and the damage. In China, the environmental protection is incomplete, the causation criterion is uncertain, and the right relief is insufficient. Given that, the paper proposes that the idea of environmental right should be defined, class action and public interest litigation shall be made full use of in legal practices, and the causation criterion shall be specified to relieve the right of the aggrieved party in full scale.