力竭型体力疲劳心率变异性的年龄关联研究

Analysis of Heart Rate Variability Between Exhausting Exercise Induced Physical Fatigue and Age

目的用心率变异性(heart rate variability,HRV)时域指标研究体力疲劳与年龄的关联。方法 30位健康男性受试者分成青年组(n=21)和中年组(n=9)。分析了右臂力竭型体力疲劳,针对做功之前的静息阶段bW,做功阶段W(W包括第一次做功W1,第一次休息R1,第二次做功W2,第二次休息R2,第三次做功W3等)和做功之后的静息阶段pW,用RR间期、RMSSD和RPIAD指标计算了HRV时域特征,同时分析了做功阶段的工效指标。结果阶段pW和阶段bW相比较,青年组较之中年组RR间期(P<0.001 vs.P<0.05)、RMSSD(P<0.01 vs.P>0.05)和RPIAD(P<0.05 vs.P>0.05)指标的差异性均更显著;阶段R1和R2相比较,青年组较中年组RR间期的差异性更显著(P<0.01 vs.P>0.05);W2与W3做功阶段中,RR间期指标青年组显著小于中年组(P<0.05),表明青年组自主神经系统(au-tonomic nervous system,ANS)的活性和敏感性更强。结论年龄因素对体力疲劳有较显著的影响,青年组ANS活性较强,因而更容易疲劳与恢复;HRV是体力疲劳评价的有效指标,但需考虑年龄因素。

Objective To analyze the relationship between physical fatigue and age factor by the time domain indices of heart rate variability（HRV）.Methods Thirty healthy male subjects were divided into Junior group（J group,n=21） and Senior group（S group,n=9） according to their age.Physical fatigue was analyzed that induced by exhausting physical exercise of the right-arm muscle.The time domain measures of HRV were analyzed using parameters of heartbeat interval（R-R interval,simplified as RRI）,root mean square of successive differences（RMSSD）,and square root of product of RRI and the absolute value of successive RRI difference（RPIAD） for each group before work（bW）,during work（W） and post work（pW）,while the work period includes work-1（W1）,rest-1（R1）,work-2（W2）,rest-2（R1）,work-3（W3）,etc.Meanwhile,work efficiency during work period was also analyzed.Results The differences of RRI（P〈0.001 vs.P〈0.05）,RMSSD（P〈0.01 vs.P〉0.05） and RPIAD（P〈0.05 vs.P〉0.05） between period pW and period bW in J group were more statistically significant than that in S group,respectively.The differences of RRI between period R1 and period R2 in J group was more statistically significant than that in S group（P〈0.01 vs.P〉0.05）.RRI in J group was significantly smaller than that in S group during work periods of W2 and W3（P〈0.05）,which reflected that the autonomic nervous system（ANS） of the junior was more active and more sensitive than that of the senior.Conclusion The physical fatigue is influenced by age factor obviously.ANS of the junior is more active and more sensitive than that of the senior,as the fatigue and recovery rate in young adults is faster than that in middle ages.HRV indicators are useful in the assessment of physical fatigue level,but the age factor needs to be taken into consideration.