7332例老年人健康体检心电图分析

Electrocardiogram analysis on 7332 cases of elderly health physical examination

目的探讨老年人群心电图异常情况，不同年龄段和男、女性别之间异常心电图发生率的差异。方法对7332例60岁以上老年人进行健康体检心电图检查，并进行数据汇总。结果7332例老年人中，男3278例（44．71％），女4054例（55．29％），男、女性别差异有明显统计学意义（P〈0．01）。正常心电图1365例（18．62％），异常心电图5967例（81．38％），异常心电图前五位是：ST-T改变3115例（42．48％），房室肥大1808例（24．66％），期前收缩969例（13．22％），束支传导阻滞795例（10．84％），窦性心动过缓633例（8．63％）正常心电图、窦性心动过缓和窦性心动过速随年龄增长而减少；ST-T改变、房室肥大、期前收缩、束支传导阻滞、房颤房扑和窦性心律不齐随年龄增长而增加；正常心电图、窦性心动过速、窦性心律不齐和心室预激男、女性别差异无显著性（P〉0．05）ST-T改变、房室肥大、期前收缩、束支传导阻滞、窦性心动过缓、房室传导阻滞和房颤房扑男、女性别差异有显著性（P〈0．05）。结论老年人异常心电图发生率相当高，异常心电图检出率女性比男性多见，且随年龄的增长而增加，心电图应作为老年人常规体检项目。

Objective To investigate the elderly Electrocardiogram （ECG） abnormalities, the incidence of differences between different age and gender groups. Methods 7332 cases≥ 60 years old were health examination of the ECG, and a summary of data. Results In 7332 cases of elderly, male patients were 3278 cases （44.71%）, female patients were 4054 （55.29%） , male and female patients differences were statistically significant （P 〈 0.01）. 1 365 cases （18.62%） were normal ECG, 5967 cases （81.38%） were abnormal ECG, the top five in the abnormal ECG were the following 3 115 cases （42.48%） of ST-T changes, 1 808 cases （24.66%） of atrioventricular hypertrophy, 969 cases （13.22%） of contractions, 795 cases （10.84%） of bundle branch block, 633 cases （8.63%） of sinus bradycardia normal ECG, sinus bradycardia and sinus tachycardia with increasing age reduced; ST-T changes, atrioventricular hypertrophy, premature beats, bundle branch block, atrial fibrillation atrial flutter and sinus arrhythmia with increasing age increased; normal ECG, sinus tachycardia, sinus arrhythmia, and ventricular pre-excited, male and female had no significant difference （P〉 0.05）; ST-T changes, atrioventricular hypertrophy, premature beats, bundle branch block, sinus brady-cardia, atrioventricular block and atrial fibrillation atrial flutter, differences between male and female were statistically significant （P〈 0.05 or P〈 0.01）. Conclusions Elderly abnormal ECG has fairly high incidence, abnormal ECG detection rate was more common in female than in male, and the growth of age increased, routine ECG should be used as the elderly examination project.