对苏联解体的原因及其教训的探究

On the Reasons and Lessons of the Disintergration of the Soviet Union

从十月革命的胜利,苏联经历了"战时共产主义"和"新经济政策"的列宁时代、高度集中的政治经济模式的斯大林时代、锐意改革斯大林模式的赫鲁晓夫和勃列日涅夫时代、彼得大帝式风格推行"新思维"改革的戈尔巴乔夫时代,至此,苏联这个世界上社会主义"老大哥"——国际巨人,再也经不住自身孱弱体质的震动,轰然坍塌了……世界也为之一震,两强争霸的局面突然只剩下了美国这个超级大国。苏联的背影渐行渐远,但我们作为目前世界上最大的社会主义国家,在走向繁荣的道路上,不得不对苏联解体的原因进行深思,系统、深入、条理的分析和总结苏联解体的原因及其深刻教训,对我国坚持马克思主义道路、执政党建设、如何处理和对待民族问题、正确方针路线政策的制定等方面具有指导和借鉴作用。

After the victory of the October Revolution, the Soviet Union had gone through the war commu- nism and the new economic policy in Lenin times, the centralized political and economic mode of Stalin era, vig- orous reform of Stalin - mode in Khrushchev and Leonid Brezhnev times, and the practice of the reform of ＂new thoughts＂ in the style of Peter the Great in Mikhail Gorbachev years, thus, the Soviet Union, as a socialist ＂big brother＂ in the world and global giant, could not confront again the shock of its weak constitution, and finally, it collapsed, which astounded all the world. Therefore, America was left in the situation of hegemony. The back of the Soviet Union gradually diverged, but on the road with trend prosperous and strong prosperity we, as the largest socialist country in the world now, have to make speculations onreasons why the Soviet Union disin- tegrates, and analysis and summarize the influence and the profound lesson of the crumbling Soviet Union, which will have reference and direction values for our adhering to Marxism and holding political construction, how to handle ethnic relations, and formulating and implementing correct line, guiding principle and policy.