语文教科书编制中文体的再认识

A Review of the Stylistic Features in Textbook Compiling

长期以来,我国语文教科书通常根据"记叙文"、"议论文"、"说明文"等来编排,而"议论文"、"说明文"、"记叙文"并不是真实的文体分类,只是文体的"教学分类"。按照"议论文"、"说明文"、"记叙文"来编制教科书选文,导致的首要问题是将文类混同于文体,疏离了语文课程目标;文学和文章误认,偏离了文本特性;阅读教学等同于纯粹的知识教学,背离了语文课程性质;对教学实践带来的最直接影响是套路化的教学模式,降低了语文课堂教学效率。语文教科书的文体编制急亟改善"记叙文"、"议论文"、"说明文"的"文类结构",回归语文生活的真实文体,并基于不同文体特征建构合宜的语文教科书内容。

For a long time,the Chinese language textbooks have been usually compiled according to such genres as narration,argumentation and exposition.However,in actual fact,this kind of compiling is not based on the real classification of styles,but at the convenience of the teaching of styles.The primary problem that arises in this kind of teaching is mixing the text genre with its style,thus deviating from the language curriculum objectives;mistaking literature for the article,thus deviating from the distinctive features of the text;Equaling the teaching of reading with the pure impartation of knowledge,thus deviating from the nature of language courses.Its most direct impact on teaching practice is the formation of a stereotyped teaching mode which can only lower the efficiency of language teaching.So,the compiling of the Chinese language textbook calls for a return from such generic structures as＂narration＂,＂argumentation＂,＂exposition＂,to the real style of language in actual life,and we need to compile appropriate language material with different stylistic features into the textbook.