木瓜花粉生活力测定及储藏特性

Pollen viability and storage of Chaenomeles sinensis

以木瓜Chaenomeles sinensis新鲜花粉为试材,通过培养基萌发试验法、氯化三苯基四氮唑(TTC)染色法、碘-碘化钾(I-KI)染色法对花粉生活力进行测定,并研究了不同储藏条件及时间对木瓜花粉萌发的影响。结果表明:木瓜花粉萌发的最佳培养基为100 mg·L-1蔗糖+30 mg·L-1硼酸+8 g·L-1琼脂,萌发率达75.09%;TTC染色法的染色率为60.64%,适宜作为木瓜花粉生活力的测定;I-KI染色法的染色率仅为17.94%,不宜于其生活力的测定;适宜木瓜花粉储藏的条件依次为-80℃,4℃,-23℃和常温;花粉在-80℃储藏16 d后,花粉萌发率仍达到22.9%。

To determine the pollen viability of Chaenomeles sinensis, methods of culture medium, iodine/ potassium iodide solution （I-KI） staining and 1% 2,3,5triphenyl tetrazolium chloride （TI＇C） staining were used to determine the pollen germination. Effects on pollen germination for different storage types and time were also studied. Results showed that the best culture medium was 100 mg· L-1 sucrose ＋ 30 mg·L-1boric acid ＋ 8 g·L-1 agar, with the germination rate reaching 75.1%. For pollen viability, TI＇C staining with a germination rate of 60.6% was suitable; however, I-KI staining with germination rate of only 17.9% was not suitable. The best storage temperatures, in turn, were -80 ℃, 4 ℃, -23 ℃ and room temperature. At -80 ℃, the germina- tion rate of pollen was 22.9% when it was preserved for 16 days. [Ch, 2 fig. 2 tab. 10 ref.]