Cu^(2+)掺杂ZnO纳米棒的制备及气敏性能研究

Preparation and Gas-sensing Properties of Cu^(2+)-doped ZnO Nanorods

通过溶剂热法(无水乙醇)制备了Cu2+(0～6mol%)掺杂ZnO纳米棒粉体,采用X射线衍射仪和扫描电镜对掺杂ZnO纳米粉体的晶体结构和微观形貌进行了表征.研究了Cu2+掺杂比例、溶剂热反应温度及时间对材料气敏性能的影响;考察ZnO(120℃,10h)和3mol%Cu2+掺杂ZnO(120℃,10h)粉体对应元件对甲醛、乙酸、甲苯、乙醇、丙酮、三甲胺等六种气体的气敏性能.结果表明:通过溶剂热法制备的ZnO粉体为纳米棒状结构,棒长度和直径随Cu2+掺杂比例不同发生变化;3mol%Cu2+掺杂ZnO(120℃,10h)样品对应元件对低浓度乙醇有很好的选择性,在395℃工作温度下对1×10–3乙醇的灵敏度为380.5,响应和脱附时间分别为5 s和40 s,对1×10–6乙醇的灵敏度可达4.2.

Cu2＋-doped ZnO nano-rod powders（0–6mol%） were prepared via solvothermal method.The crystal and micro-morphology of the doped ZnO nano-rods were characterized by X-ray diffraction（XRD） and scanning electron microscope（SEM）.The effects of Cu2＋ dopant and the thermal condition（reaction temperature and duration） on the gas sensitivities of ZnO nano-rods were studied.The gas sensing properties of pure ZnO nanorod sensor and 3mol% Cu2＋-doped ZnO nano-rod sensors to formaldehyde,acetic acid,toluene,ethanol,acetone and trimethylamine were also studied.The results show that the micro-morphology of ZnO powders are nano-rods,the lengths and diameters of ZnO nanorods change with the variation of the Cu2＋ concentration.The sensor based on 3mol% Cu2＋-doped ZnO nano-rods exhibits high response and good selectivity to dilute ethanol,the responses to 1×10 3 ethanol and 1×10–6 ethanol reach 380.5 and 4.2 when it works at 395 ℃,respectively,and its response time and recovery time are 16 s and 40 s,respectively.