不同砧木嫁接对甜瓜生理和品质的影响

Influence of Physiological Indicators and Fruit Quality on Grafted Muskmelon of Different Stocks

为了比较不同砧木对甜瓜部分生理指标和果实品质的影响,筛选适合甜瓜生长的良好砧木。以‘新盛玉’甜瓜为材料,采用田间试验、植物生理生化测定方法,研究了不同砧木嫁接对甜瓜生长过程中叶片生理指标和果实品质的影响。嫁接能提高甜瓜3个生长时期叶片叶绿素含量,提高叶片POD、SOD、CAT和PPO活性,降低叶片MDA含量,但不同的嫁接组合表现有差异;3个处理中,越瓜砧木嫁接苗果实可溶性固形物、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白和维生素C含量最高,自根苗其次,南瓜砧木嫁接苗最低;小区产量最高的为越瓜砧木嫁接苗,其次为南瓜砧木嫁接苗,自根苗最低。综合相关指标来看,越瓜砧木表现优于南瓜砧木,可以作为‘新盛玉’甜瓜的良好砧木。

In order to compare the influence of physiological indicators and fruit quality on grafted muskmelon of different stocks and screen out the good stock for muskmelon, we carried out the experiment. The effects of different stocks on fruit quality and physiological indicators in leaves of grafted muskmelon ＇Xinshengyu＇ during process of growth were studied by field experiment and physiological determination. The results showed that the contents of chlorophyll and the activities of peroxidase （POD）, superoxide dismutase （SOD）, catalase （CAT） and polyphenol oxidase （PPO） in leaves of grafted plants at three growing periods were all higher than those of own-rooted plants, while the contents of malondialdehyde （MDA） were lower. There were differences among different grafted combinations. Among the three combinations, the contents of the total soluble solids, soluble sugar, soluble protein and vitamin C on grafted plants of oriental pickling melon stock were the highest, the own-rooted plants lower, and grafted plants of pumpkin stock were the lowest. The yield of grafted plants of oriental pickling melon stock was the highest and that of the own-rooted plants was the lowest. According to comprehensive indicators, oriental pickling melon stock was more prominent than pumpkin stock, and it could be used as good stock for muskmelon ＇Xinshengyu＇.