大学生自杀态度与生活目的、生命意义感的关系

Relationships between suicide attitudes and perception of life purpose and meaning of life in college students

目的了解大学生自杀态度的现状,应用结构方程模型分析生命意义感、生活目的在大学生自杀态度形成中的作用。方法采用自杀态度问卷、生活目的量表、生命意义感问卷对1050名大学生进行测评,并对变量间的关系进行结构方程模型分析。结果大学生对自杀总体持否定和排斥态度。男生比女生更能客观理性地看待自杀行为,农村生源大学生比城镇生源学生对安乐死更持排斥态度。大学生自杀态度四个维度与生活目的、生命意义感总分及各因子分存在不同程度的显著相关。结构模型拟合指数良好(χ2/df=1.924,GFI=0.936,AGFI=0.915,NFI=0.937,CFI=0.940,RMSEA=0.045)。生命意义感和生活目的对大学生自杀态度具有直接预测作用,多因素影响假设得到结构方程模型的有力支持。结论生活目的和生命意义感对大学生自杀态度产生重要影响,应开展有针对性的生命教育对大学生自杀态度进行引导。

Objective To investigate the suicide attitudes of college students and analyze the impact of the perception of life purpose and meaning of life on their suicide attitudes using structural equation modeling.Methods A total of 1050 college students were tested by Suicide Attitude Questionnaire（QSA）,Purpose in Life test（PIL） and Chinese version of Meaning of Life questionnaire（C-MLQ）.A theoretical model was established for confirming the influence of the purpose in life and meaning in life on suicide attitudes of the college students.Results The college students had generally a negative attitude towards suicide.The female students tended to show more objective attitudes towards suicide and the students from rural areas had a stronger attitude against euthanasia.The meanings and purposes in life were closely correlated with the attitudes towards suicide,and the structural equation modeling well fitted the data（χ2/df=1.924,GFI=0.936,AGFI=0.915,NFI=0.937,CFI=0.940,and RMSEA=0.045）.The perception of meaning and purposes in life had a direct predictive value on the suicide attitude of the college students,and the presumptions derived from the theoretical model were strongly supported by structural equation modeling.Conclusion The perceptions in meanings in life and purposes in livelihood have important influence on the suicide attitudes of college students,and intervention with effective life education should be administered to guide the suicide attitude of the college students.