2583例阴道炎患者阴道分泌物病原学检测结果分析

Analysis of results in detection of etiology of vaginal secretion in 2583 patients

目的了解本地区阴道炎病人在不同年龄段及在不同季节阴道分泌物病原体的感染状况。方法采集妇产科门诊的阴道炎病人的阴道分泌物,用生理盐水涂片进行滴虫和假丝酵母菌的检测,以唾液酸酶法进行细菌性阴道病(BV)的快速检测。结果 2583例标本中,不同年龄段就诊患者20～30岁,31～50岁,>50岁组BV阳性率分别为45.28%、41.69%、29.79%,各组相比差异均有统计学意义(χ2=13.74,P<0.05)。不同季节:冬、春、夏、秋季就诊患者BV阳性率分别为36.61%、30.87%、54.91%、48.63%,各组相比较差异均有统计学意义(χ2=85.23,P<0.05)。而假丝酵母菌和滴虫在年龄和季节分组中阳性率差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 BV的发生在不同季节和年龄之间有着不同的感染率。本地区中20～30岁年龄段和夏秋季节是BV的高发期,冬夏季节是念珠菌性阴道炎的高发期,应注意性生活频度和个人生活、卫生习惯,积极开展健康教育宣传活动,对降低常见病原体感染有积极作用。

Objective To investigate the pathogens in vaginal secretion at different ages and in different seasons in this region.Methods Samples of vaginal secretion were collected from patients with vaginitis.Trichomonas and Candida were detected by normal saline smear method,and bacterial vaginosis（BV） by sialidase technique.Results 2583 cases of specimens,different ages 20~30 years old,31~50 years old,and 50 years old clinic patients treated positive of BV were 45.28%,41.69% and 29.79% respectively,with significant difference（χ2=13.74,P0.05）.Different season on winter,spring,summer and autumn clinic patients treated positive of BV were 36.61%,30.87%,54.91% and 48.63% respectively,with significant difference（χ2=85.23,P0.05）.But candida and trichomonad in age and season in the group were no statistically significant differences of positive（P0.05）.Conclusion BV has a different infection rates between the different seasons and ages.At 20 to 30 age and in the summer and autumn are the high incidence of BV in the region,and in the Winter and summer is the high incidence of Candida vaginitis.Attention to sexual frequency and personal life,health habits,and actively carry out health education campaigns,to reduce the common pathogens infection has a positive effect.