2005至2011年青岛市某医院巨大儿发生率及其影响因素的调查

The investigation of incidence and influence factors of fetal macrosomia in a hospital in Qingdao from 2005 to 2011

目的:用回顾性分析的方法,调查巨大儿发生的影响因素,为减少巨大儿的发生和孕期保健提供依据。方法:以2005年1月1日至2011年12月31日在解放军第401医院妇产科出生的单胎活产新生儿作为研究对象进行回顾性研究,并进行统计学分析。结果:2005～2011年在我院出生的新生儿中,符合研究条件并取得完整资料的共计3691例,其中巨大儿429例,其发生率为11.62%。其中母亲年龄>30岁、孕次≥2次、孕前BMI≥25.0kg/m2、孕周>40周、孕期增重超过标准、妊娠期糖尿病和新生儿为男婴7个因素,是导致巨大儿发生率增高的影响因素。结论:合理调整妊娠年龄、孕次以及孕前BMI,合理搭配孕期膳食,并严格控制糖的摄入,对于降低巨大儿的发生率具有重要意义。

Objective：To investigate the influence factors of fetal macrosomia through the retrospective analysis method,to provide the aid for reducing fetal macrosomia rate and antenatal care.Methods：From Jan.1 2005 to Dec.31 2011,all of the single and live birth neonates in the hospital of PLA 401 were include in the retrospective investigation.Results：From 2005 to 2011,3691 neonates who accorded to the investigation conditions and acquired complete information were investigated,there were 429 cases the fetal macrosomia and the rate was 11.62%.Mothers age30,gravidity≥2,pre-pregnancy BMI≥25.0,weeks of pregnancy 40,over standard weight gain during pregnancy,gestational diabetes and male neonatal were related with higher fetal macrosomia rate.Conclusion：It is significant to reduce the fetal macrosomia rate that women adjust gestational age,number of pregnancies,pre-pregnancy BMI,pregnancy diet and reduce sugar intake.