组织工程细胞外基质材料研究进展

RESEARCH PROGRESS OF EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX MATERIAL FOR TISSUE ENGINEERING

目的综述细胞外基质(extracellular matrix,ECM)材料在组织工程中的研究现状及临床应用进展。方法查阅近年来国内外ECM材料制备方法、生物相容性、生物力学特性、可降解性能和临床应用等方面的相关文献,并进行分析总结。结果 ECM制备方法的改进和免疫特性认识的深入,为其用于组织的修复重建奠定了一定基础。一系列动物实验研究表明了小肠黏膜下层、膀胱ECM、脱细胞真皮等ECM材料应用于尿道、膀胱、动脉、皮肤等组织器官修复重建的可行性和有效性,显示其具有广阔的临床应用前景。结论 ECM材料是一种良好的生物衍生支架材料,有望成为组织修复重建中替代材料的重要来源。

Objective To review the current research status and clinical application progress of extracellular matrix （ECM） material in tissue engineering. Methods The literature about the latest progress in the preparation, biocompatibility, mechanical property, degradability, and clinical application of ECM material was extensively reviewed. Results The improvement of the ECM preparation method and thorough understanding of the immunological properties have laid the foundation for the repair and reconstruction of the tissue. Moreover, a series of animal studies also confirm that the feasibility and effectiveness of the ECM such as small intestinal submucosa, bladder ECM grift, and acellular dermis which have been applied to the repair and reconstruction of the urethra, bladder, arteries, and skin tissue. It shows a wide prospect of clinical application in the future. Conclusion ECM material is a good bio-derived scaffold, which is expected to become an important source of alternative materials for the repair and reconstruction of the tissue.