潜流湿地技术在高密度养殖尾水处理中的应用

Subsurface flow wetland technology apply in tail Water treatment of high density breeding

构建"潜流湿地+生物净化"的湿地生态系统,并以纯生物净化系统作为对照区,研究其对池塘高密度养殖尾水中总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)、高锰酸盐指数(CODMn)、悬浮物总颗粒(SS)指标的去除效果,并对试验区与对照区内的产量与效益进行分析。结果表明:构建湿地生态系统后,区域内养殖面积有所减少,但产量与效益却有所提高。试验区的净化面积占整个养殖系统的7.9%,远远小于对照区的净化面积占比18.8%。对TN、TP、CODMn的去除率分别为80.8%～90.9%、78.95%～88.18%和23.20%～27.24%,对照区对相应指标的去除率分别为70.8%～88.7%、76.09%～87.14%和15.38%～25.08%,试验区的去除效率略高于对照区。至2011年,试验区与对照区的池塘生产各类水产品产量分别比2009年增长24.8%与19.2%、销售收入分别增长了26.4%与14.8%、利润分别增加了35.2%与18.64%。试验区产量与效益明显好于对照区。因此,潜流湿地方式净化水质节省了土地资源,提高了鱼池利用率及养殖效益,与纯生物净化相比具有明显的优越性。

Building wetland ecosystem of ＂Subsurface Flow Wetland ＋ Biological purification＂ , and taking pure biological purification system as the contrast area, researched the removal result of the indicators, such as nitrogen （TN） , total phosphorus （TP）, the high permanganate index （COD_Mn） , total suspended solids parti- cles （SS）, in the tail water of high density breeding in pond, and analysed the yield and benefit of the test area and the contrast area. The results showed that, after building the wetland ecosystem, breeding area in the regiondecreased, but yield and benefit improved. The test area decontamination area accounted 7.9% of the entire farming system, which was far less than the contrast area accounted 18.8%. TN, TP and CODM, removal rates of the test area wele separately between 80.8%-90.9% , 78.95%-88.18%, 23.20%-27.24%. But the correspond- ing indicators of the removal efficiency of the contrast area wele between 70.8%-88.7% ,76.09%-87.14%, 15.38% -25.08 %. The removal rate of the test area was slightly higher than the contrast area. Compared with the year of 2009,in the year of 2011, the yield of all aquatic products in the test area and contrast area had separately increased by 24.8% and 19.2%, sales revenue increased by 26.4% and 14.8%, profit increased by 35.2% and 18.64%. Yield and benefit of the test area were significantly better than the contrast area. Therefore, the method of subsurface flow wetlands breeding purifys water could save ground resources and improves the pond utilization and breeding efficiency, which has obvious advantage compared with the pure biological purifi- cation.