转Bt-cry1Ah基因玉米花粉对意大利蜜蜂幼虫的影响

Effects of Bt-cry1Ahcorn pollen on larvae of Apis mellifera ligustica

新型杀虫蛋白基因cry1Ah基因是中国农业科学院植物保护研究所从Bt菌株BT8中鉴定克隆的,其编码蛋白对鳞翅目害虫具有强毒力,尤其对亚洲玉米螟Ostrinia furnacalis(Guenée)的毒力强于目前使用的cry1A类基因。转cry1Ah基因抗虫玉米具有很好的应用前景。花粉是蜜蜂重要的食物来源,蜜蜂是转基因植物安全性评价的关键测试生物。因此,开展转cry1Ah基因玉米对蜜蜂的安全性研究很有必要。给意大利蜜蜂Apis mellifera ligustica Spinola蜂群中4～6日龄幼虫饲喂转基因玉米花粉、常规玉米花粉、杂花粉,哺育蜂饲喂为对照。转基因玉米花粉对意大利蜜蜂封盖率、出房率和发育历期没有显著影响。表明转cry1Ah基因玉米花粉对意大利蜜蜂幼虫的存活和发育没有不良影响。

The cryIAh gene, which displays high toxicity against Lepidopteran larvae, was one of the novel insecticidal genes cloned from Bacillus thuringiensis isolate BTS. CrylAh protein have higher toxicity to the Asian corn borer （Ostrinia furnacalis（Guenee） ） than any other crylA genes. The crylAh gene was therefore a candidate gene for insect resistant transgenic corn research. Pollen is a significant component of the diet of honeybees. Thus the honeybee may serve as one of the key species to be tested for the potential adverse effects of transgenic crops and assessment of impacts on honeybees is an essential part of the risk assessment process for Bt crylAh gene corn. The effects of dietary transgenic Bt corn pollen on honeybee worker larvae of Apis mellifera ligustica Spinola was examined. We measured cap rate, emergence rate, and immature stage after 4-6-day-old larvae were fed either crylAh corn pollen, regular corn pollen, mixed bee pollen and a control. There were no significant differences in all the parameters measured between bees fed these diets. These results suggest that transgenic Bt corn pollen does not pose a threat to honeybee larval development.