抗磷脂综合征患者血栓事件的危险因素分析

Analysis of risk factors in development of thrombosis in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome

目的:探讨影响抗磷脂综合征(antiphospholipid syndrome,APS)患者血栓事件发生的危险因素。方法:回顾性分析北京大学人民医院收治的61例APS患者血栓事件的发生特点,评价血栓事件与患者临床及免疫学指标的相关性,包括性别、年龄、有无血小板减少、吸烟、高血压、糖尿病、高脂血症和抗磷脂抗体等。结果:70.49%APS患者发生血栓事件,其中动脉血栓发生率36.67%,静脉血栓发生率39.34%,下肢静脉血栓和脑梗塞最常见,分别占37.7%和24.59%,其次为肺栓塞、血栓性微血管病、肾梗死和脾梗死。抗心磷脂抗体阳性和高血压分别是静脉和动脉血栓事件的独立危险因素。结论:抗心磷脂抗体阳性者易发生静脉血栓,而合并高血压的APS患者易发生动脉血栓。

Objective：To analyze the risk factors in the development of thrombosis in antiphospholipid syndrome（APS） patients.Methods： We retrospectively analyzed the characteristics of thrombosis in 61 APS patients.Clinical and laboratory parameters such as sex,age,thrombocytopenia,smoking,hypertension,diabetes mellitus,hyperlipidemia and anti-phospholipid antibodies were investigated to find out the risk factors of thrombosis.Results： Thrombosis was found in 70.49% APS patients,of whom,the prevalence of arterial and venous thrombosis were 36.67% and 39.34%,respectively.Deep vein thrombosis of lower extremity（37.7%） and cerebral infarction（24.59%） were the most common thrombosis events,and then pulmonary embolism,thrombotic microangiopathy and renal artery thrombosis were also common in APS patients.The positive anti-cardiolipin antibody and hypertension were the independent risk factors for venous and arterial thrombosis,respectively.Conclusion： Anti-cardiolipin antibody is associated with a higher risk of venous thrombosis,and hypertension is associated with arterial thrombosis.