地震激励下高速列车动态响应与运行安全边界研究

Study on Dynamic Responses and Running Safety Boundary of High-speed Train under Seismic Motions

为研究地震对高速列车动态响应与运行安全的影响,建立地震激励下车辆-轨道耦合动力学模型,地震波被简化为周期性的横向正弦波加入车辆轨道仿真模型中。基于仿真计算,对地震作用下高速列车的动态响应、脱轨机理及运行安全边界进行详细地分析和讨论,给出地震下高速列车安全运行及脱轨边界。分析结果表明:地震所引起的轨道结构大幅横向振动对高速列车的安全运行影响极大;横向地震波激励下,车轮与钢轨频繁地发生分离、车轮的大幅度抬升和车辆激烈的横向滚摆运动是造成高速列车脱轨的主要原因。

In order to investigate the dynamic responses and running safety boundary of high-speed trains under seismic motions,the vehicle-track coupled dynamic model under earthquake excitation was established,and the earthquake motions were simplified into cyclic lateral sine waves as the boundary input of the vehicle-track coupled model.The detailed numerical simulation was made to investigate into the derailment mechanism,operation safety limits and dynamic behaviour of high-speed trains subjected to earthquake excitation,and the safety operation area,derailment area and warning area of the high-speed trains under earthquakes,and their boundaries were found.From numerical analysis are drawn the following results： The earthquake-excited lateral vibrations of the track structure with a large margin have extremely great influence on safe running of high-speed trains;under the excitation of lateral earthquake waves,the main causes of high-speed train derailment are frequent wheel-rail separations and fierce wheel-rail impacts,substantial wheel lift above rail and intense lateral rocking movements of vehicles.