引进甘蔗种质工艺与农艺性状的相关性及聚类分析

Principal component analysis and cluster analysis of agronomic and quality traits of exotic sugarcane germplasm

采用相关分析、主成分分析及聚类分析法,对Q、VMC、FR、RB、CP、TCP等系列113份引进甘蔗种质的出苗率、分蘖率、宿根发株数、株高、茎径、有效茎、单茎重、蔗产量、锤度、蔗糖分、简纯度、纤维分、含糖量等13个工艺及农艺性状进行研究。相关分析结果表明,含糖量、蔗产量与株高、有效茎、单茎重呈极显著正相关,蔗糖分与锤度、简纯度呈极显著正相关,有效茎与茎径呈极显著负相关,宿根发株数与出苗率、分蘖率呈极显著正相关,各性状间存在多重共线性。主成分分析结果表明,13个工、农艺性状可简化为5个主成分,即产量因子、糖分因子、发株与纤维分因子、分蘖因子、茎径因子,5个主成分所提供的信息量占全部信息量的75.16%。基于主成分分析结果,对113份引进种质进行聚类分析,将其划分为7个类群,Ⅰ类群属高纤维、低产种质;Ⅱ类群属出苗发株差、低产种质;Ⅲ类群属强宿根、高产种质;Ⅳ类群种质可作为能源甘蔗育种亲本进行杂交利用;Ⅴ类群属于高产、低糖种质;Ⅵ类群属低产、高糖种质;Ⅶ类群属于丰产、高糖种质。

One hundred and thirteen accessions of exotic sugarcane germplasms consisted of Q,VMC,FR,RB,CP and TCP were investigated in this study.Thirteen agronomic and quality traits including germination,tillering,ratoon germination,stalk height,stem diameter,number of millable stalk,stalk weight,cane yield,brix,sugar content,simple purity,fiber content and sugar yield were observed by principal component analysis and cluster analysis.The result of correlation analysis showed that sugar and cane yield was significantly positively related to height,millable stalks and single stem weight.Sucrose content was significantly positively related with brix and purity.Significant negative correlation was found between millable stalks and diameter.Ratoon sprout was closely linked to rate of germination,tillering percentage,and there was multiple co-linear relation among these traits.The result of principal component analysis on 13 traits showed 5 principal elements,which provided 75.16% cumulative variance.Based on the principal component scores,113 accessions of sugarcane germplasms were grouped into 7 clusters.ClusterⅠwas high in fiber content,low in yield.Cluster Ⅱ was weak in germination and tillering,low in yield.Cluster Ⅲ was strong in ratoon germination,high in cane yield and sugar content.Cluster Ⅳ could be used as parents for energy cane breeding.Cluster Ⅴwas high in cane yield,low in sugar content.Cluster Ⅵ was high in sugar content,low in cane yield.Cluster Ⅶ was high in cane yield,high in sugar content.