国外开放课程对我国高校人文社会科学教学的启示

Reform of Humanities and Social Sciences Education in China's HEIs:Lessons Drawn from Open Course Projects in Foreign Countries

国外开放课程以其新颖、独特的授课方式给中国高等教育界吹来一股新风,许多学者意识到它们对中国高校教育教学形成一种冲击。开放课程至少有三个方面值得我们学习与借鉴:在目标上,注重阅读,强调写作,着力培养创造性思维能力;在讲授上,注重对话,强调交流,着力建自由式学习体验;在评估上,注重原创,强调独立,着力培育创新性问题解决能力。我国高校人文社会科学各学科教与学都已经日趋边缘化,要改变此种状态,必需进行深度教育教学改革,以下几点为当务之急:克服浮躁与功利心理,重视文本细读,培养学生解读能力;摈弃灌输式教学,加强案例分析,培植学生质疑能力;摒弃封闭式考试,改用开放式学业评估,培育学生探索能力。培养解读能力、培植质疑能力、培育探索能力,不仅是人文社会科学学科教育的应然目标,更是整个教育的应然目标。

The launching of open course projects in foreign countries is deemed as an inspiration but also a challenge to China's higher education.However,there are at least three things about those open courses that are worth learning.Firstly,with regard to teaching objectives,they focus on cultivating students' proficiency in reading and writing,as well as creative thinking.Secondly,with regard to teaching methods,they favor interactive and dialogic approaches,as well as free learning by experiencing.Thirdly,with regard to performance evaluation,they emphasize students' originality and independence,as well as ability to solve problems innovatively.Nowadays,humanities and social sciences(HSS) education has been increasingly marginalized in China's higher education institutions(HEIs).To change that situation,it is necessary to carry out a thorough educational reform,especially pay more attention to textual analysis,case study and portfolio evaluation in HSS education,so as to cultivate students' close reading skills,critical thinking skills,as well as exploration ability,which is not only an important objective of HSS education but the ultimate purpose of higher education.