隰县鼠类天敌食性研究及控害作用评估

Research on Food Habits of Xixian County Rodents Natural Enemies and Evaluation about Its Damage Control

对晋西隰县采集的372份鼠类天敌粪便和渣吐团样本进行食性分析。结果表明,天敌食物由鼠类、鸟类、昆虫类、植物类等动植物组成,其主要食物为鼠类,出现在样本中的百分比为69.62%;其次为鸟类和植物类,分别占17.20%和11.56%。进一步分析得出,各种鼠类在食物中出现的频率同该种鼠类的数量没有直接关系,天敌取食鼠类具有选择性,捕食最多的猎物具备容易寻找和较易捕捉2个条件;另一个明显的特点是在容易捕捉的基础上喜欢选择个体较大的种类。依据食性研究结果得出,天敌与鼠类之间存在着紧扣的食物链关系,在肯定天敌对减少鼠类的数目和为害以及控制鼠传疾病的流行方面作用的同时,提出了招引天敌灭鼠要事先做好调查研究,根据鼠情鼠种具体情况具体分析,避免盲目行为的观点。

Food habits of rodents natural enemy were analysed with 372 piles feces and cinder spit volume samples collected in Xixian county.Results indicated that the natural enemy mainly were fed with rodents,birds,insects and plants,of which rodents were the main food accounting for 69.62% of the sample,and birds and plants followed,accounting for 17.20% and 11.56%respectively.Further analysis showed that there were no direct relationship between the present frequency of all mice species appeared in the diet with the number of the species,and the natural enemy had partiality for some foods.Most of the successful hunters had the upper hand in easy finding and capture;Another obvious characteristic was to choose the larger type depending on their catching talent.The research results of food habits showed that between the natural enemies and rats existed close relationship of food chain.When the effect of rodent＇s natural enemies was identifed,the beforehand preparations were important to match the needs according to specific target mice and their number and to refrain from blindfold action.