2010年中国60岁以上居民高血压和糖尿病及血脂异常状况调查

Current status of diabetes, hypertension and dyslipidemia among older Chinese adults in 2010

目的调查2010年中国60岁以上居民高血压、糖尿病及血脂异常状况。方法2010年在中国内地31个省（市、自治区）和新疆生产建设兵团开展了第3次中国慢性病监测调查。该调查采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法，在162个监测点调查了19981名60岁以上居民，进行了问卷调查，体重、身高和血压测量，以及血糖与血脂的检测。在对样本经过复杂加权计算后，比较不同性别、年龄、城乡和地区60岁以上居民的高血压、糖尿病及血脂异常状况。结果经过复杂加权计算后，在中国60岁以上居民中，高血压患病率为66．9％，东部高于西部（分别为67．9％和62．5％）（P〈0．05），城乡差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。糖尿病患病率为19．6％，东部高于西部（分别为21．5％和17．7％）（P〈0．05），城市高于农村（分别为25．0％和17．0％）（P〈0．05）。城市居民高甘油三酯血症（12．4％）、高胆固醇血症（6．4％）、高低密度脂蛋白血症（5．2％）患病率均高于农村（分别为10．1％、4．2％、2．8％）（P值均〈0．05），女性（分别为12．9％、6．9％、4．7％）均高于男性（分别为8．7％、2．9％、2．4％）（P值均〈0．05）。血脂异常人群中高血压的患病率高于血脂正常人群（分别为74．3％和65．7％）（P〈0．05）。糖尿病患者人群中的高血压患病率高于非糖尿病患者人群（分别为77．3％、64．5％）（P〈0．05），血脂异常患病率也高于非糖尿病患者人群（分别为23．2％、12．6％）（P〈0．05）。结论2010年中国目前老年居民高血压、糖尿病及血脂异常患病率均在较高水平，女性高于男性，东部高于西部，城市糖尿病和血脂异常患病率高于农村，应加强高血压、糖尿病和血脂异常的综合防治。

Objective To investigate the distribution of hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia among elderly population in China in 2010. Methods In 2010, The 3rd Chronic Non-communicable Disease ＆ Risk Factor Surveillance in China was conducted in 31 provinces and Xinjiang Production ＆ Construction Corps. A stratified multi-stage cluster sampling was used from 162 National Disease Surveillance Points （DSPs）. A total of 19 981 residents aged I〉60 years received a set of standardized questionnaire interview, physical examinations and laboratory test for lipid ＆ glucose levels in blood. After complex weighting of the sample, the prevalence of hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia were compared for different gender, age groups and regions. Results After complex weighting, among elderly, the overall prevalence of hypertension was 66. 9% , and the rates were greater in the eastern areas（67.9% ） than in the western areas（62. 5% ） （P 〈 0. 05 ）, there was no significant difference between urban areas and rural areas （ P 〉 0. 05 ） ; the prevalence of diabetes was 19. 6%, the rates were greater in the eastern areas（21.5% ） than in the western areas（ 17.7% ） （P 〈 0. 05 ）, and greater in the urban areas （ 25.0% ） than in the rural areas （ 17. 0% ） （P 〈 0. 05） ; the prevalence of high triglyeerides, high blood cholesterol and high low-density lipoprotein were all higher in the urban areas （12.4% ,6.4% and 5.2% ） than in the rural areas（ 10. 1% ,4. 2% and 2. 8%）（all P values 〈0.05）, and also higher for women（12.9%,6.9% and 4. 7%） than for men （8.7% ,2.9% and 2.4% ）（all P values 〈0. 05）; the prevalence of hypertension in people with abnormalblood lipids （74. 3 % ） was higher than those with normal blood lipids （65.7%） （P 〈 0. 05 ） ; the prevalence of hypertension and dyslipidemia in people with diabetes （77.3%, 23.2% ） were both greater than the prevalence in non-diabetic group（ 64. 5 %, 12.6% ） （both P values 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusion The present study showed high prevalence of hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia among elderly people in China. The rates were greater in the eastern than in the western and higher for women than for men. The rates of diabetes and dyslipidemia were significantly higher in the urban areas than in the rural areas. Comprehensive prevention and control of hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia among the elderly should be enhanced.