主体与社会理论:马克思与卢卡奇论黑格尔

The Subject and Social Theory: Marx and Lukcs on Hegel

通过勾勒卢卡奇与马克思对黑格尔的不同阐释可以发现,在马克思的分析当中,资本主义里的劳动是历史特定的,他试图阐明一种特殊的准客观的社会媒介与财富(价值)形式。这种形式架构了资本主义当中的生产过程,并生成了一种独特的历史性进程。因此,劳动和生产过程,既不能从资本主义的社会关系当中剥离出来,也不能与之对立,而是构成了资本主义社会关系的核心。这一分析,允许我们把资本理解为社会构成的核心,并将之与诸多表面构型剥离开来。

By drawing the differences between Lukics＇s critical appropriation of Hegel and that of Marx, this article outlines a reading of Marx that, while indebted to Luk^ics, seeks to get beyond the opposition of Hegelian and anti-Hegelian critical ap- proaches. This article argues that Marx＇s analysis of labour in capitalism as historically specific seeks to elucidate a peculiar qua- si-objective form of social mediation and wealth （value） that is constitutive of a form of domination. This form structures the process of production in capitalism and generates a historically unique dynamic. Hence, labour and the process of production are not separable from, and opposed to, the social relations of capitalism, but constitute their very core. This is an analysis that al- lows for an understanding of capital as the core of the social formation, separable from its various surface configurations.