阿穆尔河流域水环境变化条件下的生态环境分析

Analysis of Ecological Environment under the Variations of Water Environment in the Amur River Basin

阿穆尔河流域水环境变化条件下,运用GIS和RS技术,对阿穆尔河流域的2期NOAA影像数据和1期MO-DIS影像数据进行解译判读,获取不同时期阿穆尔河流域湿地与生态要素数据,为研究区的生态地质环境治理提供数据依据。通过动态度模型和转移矩阵模型,对研究区1992年-2010年间的湿地与生态的动态变化情况进行了量化的分析。结果表明:1992年-2010年18a间,沙化土地的动态度最大,为15.25,属于急剧变化型,沼泽和湿地面积大面积减少,林草混杂地面积减少,沼泽、湿地、林草和混杂地快速转化为林地和耕地,在近10a间,沙化土地面积又有增加趋势,主要转入类型为林地和草地混杂地。

Under the variations of water environment in the Amur River Basin,GIS and RS technology were used to interpret the second phase NOAA image data and the first phase MODIS image data and to obtain the wetland and ecological elements in the Amur River Basin for different periods,which can provide data support for the protection of the ecological and geological environment in the study area.The dynamic model and the transition matrix model were used to perform the quantitative analysis of the dynamic changes of the wetland and ecology in the study area from 1992 to 2010.The results showed that the desertification land has the largest dynamic degree in the 18 years,which is about 15.25 and indicates that the desertification land belongs to a dramatic change type.The area of marshes and wetlands decreased significantly,and the area of mixed forest and grass land decreased as well.The marsh,wetland,mixed forest and grass land became cultivated land and forest rapidly.In the recent 10 years,the desertification area had an increasing trend,and the study area was mainly transformed into the mixed forest and grass land.