油气包裹体实验分析现状和发展方向

Current Status and Development Trend of Experimental Analyses of Hydrocarbon Fluid Inclusion

在调研大量相关文献的基础上,针对目前油气包裹体分析方法的多样性,对各种方法及其优缺点进行了介绍和总结,进而指出了今后的发展方向。分析认为:目前包裹体分析可以分为无损分析和破坏性分析2大类。无损分析样品制备步骤相对简单,且是一种可以具体到单个包裹体的原位分析,实验数据客观、有针对性,但该类方法是基于光学特征而进行的一种间接测定方式,其对成分的检测是定性或半定量的,要进行精确的检测需借助破坏性分析,单个包裹体样品量难以达到仪器的检测下限。破坏性分析主要是针对包裹体群进行,指示意义不够明确,对有选择的数个相同性质的(如同源或同期)包裹体进行释放、收集,进而进行组分和同位素组成的检测应是下步包裹体分析的突破口;氢同位素组成蕴含丰富的地质信息并具有很强的敏感性,有望成为今后油气包裹体实验分析的重要内容。

The paper introduces and summarizes advantages and shortcomings of different analysis methods of hydrocarbon fluid inclusion based on the diversity of the current analyses,and therefore puts forward the future development of the analyses.Based on the analyses made above it is considered that current analyses of hydrocarbon fluid inclusion can be classified into 2 categories,namely,nondestructive and destructive;the former is characterized as the factor that it has a relatively simple sample preparation process,a single hydrocarbon fluid inclusion can be made in situ,it's data are objective and pertinent,the composition measurement is qualitative and semi-quantitative because the measurement is indirect based on optical characteristics and accurate measurements have to be destructive analyses;the sample quantity of the single hydrocarbon fluid inclusion can hardly get the lower limitation of the measurement of instrument and the latter aim at the analyses of hydrocarbon fluid inclusion group,the indicating significance of which is not obvious,resulting in releasing and collecting a few of optional hydrocarbon fluid inclusions,and therefore the measurement of components and isotopic compositions should be the breakthrough of future experimental analysis of fluid inclusion;the hydrogen isotopic composition is expected to be an important content of prospective experimental analysis of fluid inclusion due to its abundant geology information and strong sensitivity.