城市灾害易损性及其评价指标

Vulnerability of Urban Disasters and Its Evaluation Index

城市化的加速使城市成为国民经济和社会发展的重要区域,同时灾害给城市发展造成了巨大的损失。通过分析易损性的维度和时空性,并在总结多因子复合函数方法、模糊综合评价方法、数据包络分析方法等易损性研究方法的基础上,结合复杂的城市系统的内部特征,从人口易损性、经济易损性、社会易损性和生态环境易损性4个方面建立适合城市灾害易损性评价的框架;探讨了包括人口迁入率和经济密度等11个城市灾害易损性指标体系。最后指出城市灾害易损性研究对城市可持续发展有重要意义。

With the acceleration of urbanization,cities are becoming important areas of national economy and social development,however,disasters bring great losses to urban development.By analyzing dimensions and spatial-temporal properties of vulnerability,and based on the summary of current vulnerability assessment methods including multi-factor composite function method,fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method,data envelope analysis method,etc.,and combining with the complex system of internal characteristics in urban regions,a reasonable urban disaster vulnerability assessment framework is established in 4 aspects as population vulnerability,economical vulnerability,social vulnerability and ecological-environment vulnerability.A disaster vulnerability assessment system of 11 indexes as population immigration rate,economic density and so on is discussed.Finally,research of urban disaster vulnerability is proved to be significant in sustainable urban development.