重庆市居民食物消费与结构调整的研究

STUDIES ON FOOD CONSUMPTION AND DIETARY PATTERN IN CHONGQING

为了指导重庆市地区居民食物生产和食物消费 ,提高居民营养和健康水平 ,本文回顾了重庆市九十年代城乡居民食物消费、营养和健康情况。结果表明 ,在解决温饱的基础上 ,居民的食物消费和膳食结构正处在转变和提高的过渡期 ,但城乡处在不同的阶段 ,城市居民食物消费处于“质”转变 ,粮食消费大幅度减少 ,动物性食物增加且趋于多样化 ,营养状况好 ,食物结构趋于优化。农村居民食物消费还处在“量”的提高 ,粮食消费维持在较高的水平 ,动物性食物消费增加缓慢 ,种类单一 ,以猪肉为主 ,仍保留了传统膳食结构的明显特征 ,营养情况较差。另外 ,营养过剩的问题也日益突出。最后 ,提出了食物消费的调整目标 ,对未来的食物消费做了预测 ,并提出了相应的措施和政策建议。

In this article food consumption and nutritional and health status from 1991 to 1997of ChongQing’s residents were reviewed Data analysis showed that food consumption and dietary pattern are getting changed and improved,but there are difference between urban and rural region Urban region has a marked decreased consumption of staple food,meantime marked increased consumption and a variety of meat Urban resident’s diet inproving is associated with quality and good nutrition status Rural resident’s diet improving is associated just with quantity,keeps high consumption of staple food,meat consumption mostly consisted of pork increases slowly,still belongs to traditional dietary pattern,which is simple and provides unsatisfied nutrition status Besides malnutrition,overnutrition is standing out health concern Target of food consumption and dietary pattern adjustment and related measures and policy suggestion are also provided