两种不同剂量国产乙肝血源疫苗接种法5年期间的免疫效果观察

A FIVE-YEAR OBSERVATION OF THE IMMUNIZATION EFFECTIVENESS OF TWO INOCULATION METHODS WITH DIFFERENT DOSES OF HEPATITIS B VACCINE.

目的 :观察两种不同剂量乙肝血源疫苗接种法 5年期间的免疫学效果。方法 :以皮内接种 3μg乙肝疫苗的 146名儿童为观察组 ,对照组为肌注 10 μg的 5 2名儿童 ,接种后随访观察 1年及 5年后采血 ,检测乙肝 3项指标 (HBsAg、抗 -HBs和抗-HBc)和转氨酶 (ALT)。结果 :两组均未发现HBsAg阳性、ALT异常和临床肝炎患者 ;两组抗 -HBs的阳性率及S/N≥ 10占的比例均无显著差别。结论 :小剂量 3μg皮内与 10 μg肌注接种乙肝血源疫苗后 5年在少年人群中产生的免疫应答和持久性临床保护作用同样有效 ,5年内无需复种疫苗 ,但由于抗 -HBs阳性的S/N已趋向低水平 ,建议少年人群接种疫苗 5年后应加强接种。

Objective:To observe the immunization effectiveness of two inoculation methods with different doses of hepatitis B vaccine during five years. Methods: The treatment group was a total of 146 children inoculated with 3 μg hepatitis B vaccine in the skin and the control group 52 children given 10μg of the vaccine in the muscle. After one and five years blood was collected and HBsAg, anti-HBs, anti-HBc and ALT detected. Results: There were no cases with positive HBsAg, abnormal ALT and hepatitis B in the two groups and also no significant differences in the anti-HBs positive rates and the proportions of a S/N ratio more than 10. Conclusions: The immunization response and the lasting protection are the same between the skin and muscle inoculation methods for hepatitis B vaccination. Younger population needs not be inoculated against hepatitis B within five years after the immunization, but after that period this population should be inoculated again because the S/N ratios tend to become low.