桂林会仙岩溶湿地不同富营养化水体水葫芦营养成分研究

Determinations of Nutrient Chemical Components in Eichhornia crassipes Sloms-laub from Different Eutrophic Waters in Huixian Karst Wet lands,Guilin,China

为了探讨典型旅游区桂林漓江流域入侵植物水葫芦的综合防治与利用。通过不同空间代替时间的取样方法,测定了桂林会仙岩溶湿地不同富营养化程度水域水葫芦茎叶和根中常规营养成分以及茎叶中微量元素的含量。结果表明:TOC、粗脂肪、木质素、纤维素、半纤维素、碳水化合物成分含量、水葫芦株高、根长、根/总干重、干物质含量、Ca、Mg、Na、Mn、Zn、Fe元素含量均表现为轻度富营养化区>中度富营养化区>重度富营养化区;而TN、TP、TK、粗蛋白、粗灰分成分含量、茎叶/总干重、Cu、Cr、Pb、As、Hg元素含量则表现为重度富营养化区>中度富营养化区>轻度富营养化区。水葫芦生长的环境不同,所含的营养成分及微量元素相差很大。水体的富营养化程度越高,入侵植物水葫芦氮、磷、钾元素含量相应也高,水葫芦株高和根系长度与水体中氮、磷浓度密切相关。水葫芦能吸收水中大量的氮、磷和钾化合物,表现了一定的净化功能。

In order to achieve pollution prevention and comprehensive utilization of Eichhornia crassipes Sloms-laub from different levels eutrophic waters in Huixian Karst Wet lands of typical tourist area at Guilin City.The paper adopted the method of spatial sequence instead of time successional sequence,nutrient chemical components in Eichhornia crassipes Sloms-laub were determined.The order of different nutrient chemical components including TOC,EE,lignin,cellulose,hemicellulose,carbohydrate,organs of height,root length,proportions of root in total weight,Ca,Mg,Na,Mn,Zn and Fe in Eichhornia crassipes Sloms-laub was：light eutrophication areaMedium eutrophication areaSevere eutrophication area.On the contrary,there were more nutrient elements of TN,TP,TK,CP,Ash,proportions of stem,leaf in total weight,Cu,Cr,Pb,As,Hg at severe eutrophication area than light eutrophication area.It has different nutrient chemical component at different growing environment.There was obviously correlation between height,root length and concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus in water of Huixian Karst Wet lands.Eichhornia crassipes Sloms-laub could absorb a large amount of nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium compound and have certain purification function.