中国金属导体“以铝节铜”前景

The prospect of saving copper conductor by using aluminum in China

"以铝节铜"是国际性趋势,进程各国有所不同,但只能是渐进式的。我国铝和铝合金在电力电缆上的应用与国外有较大差距,铝合金在架空线路上的应用尚有较大提升空间。铜包铝导体的应用有所发展,有关标准正在报批或制订之中,有待在使用中进一步考验,但回收时的铜、铝分离尚未找到具有技术经济效果的方法。铝包钢线近些年市场旺盛,生产日趋成熟,铝漆包线的生产近些年已有增长,通信领域的"光进铜退"将毫无悬念地继续推进。飞机上的"以铝节铜"已有实质性的进展。废杂铜和电工用废铝直接再生利用对节能环保具有重要意义。全国建立废旧铜、铝线的回收网络已势在必行。

Saving copper by using aluminum is the international trend now, but the development is pro- gress step by step and every country has a different processes. There is an obvious difference among China and other countries on the application of aluminum and aluminum alloy in electric cables. There is a wide development space for the aluminum alloy conductors using for overhead line. There is a little development for application of copper-clad-alumlnum conductors and the related standards are being approved as well as written; we expect pro- gressive test in use. Now we also expect to find good technic-economic efficient means to separate the copper and aluminum during recycling processing. The market of aluminum-clad-steel wires is also expanding in recent years, with the maturity of manufacturing technology. The amount of aluminum enameled wire is also rising recently. It is no doubt that there is more fiber and less copper in the communication field continuously. There is a substantial progress of saving copper by using aluminum on airplanes. It is very important for saving energy and protecting en- vironment through recycling copper and aluminum scrap directly. It is imperative under the situation to set up the recoverable networks of scrap wires of copper and aluminum.