田间持水量和践踏强度对上海结缕草生长和生理特性的影响

Effects of Field Water Capacities and Trampling Intensities on Growth and Physiological Characteristics of Zoysiagrass

采用不同田间持水量(90%、75%和50%)和践踏强度(无践踏、中度践踏和重度践踏),研究践踏和水分双重胁迫对上海结缕草(Zoysia japonica Steud.cv.Shanghai)草坪质量的影响,结果表明,在无践踏胁迫下,随着田间持水量由90%下降至50%,叶片相对电导率和丙二醛含量呈现上升的趋势,但彼此间差异不显著,而叶片脯氨酸含量则明显上升;在90%、75%和50%田间持水量下,重度践踏的草坪地上生物量和草坪密度明显降低,而中度践踏的地上生物量和草坪密度仅在90%田间持水量下显著低于无践踏处理;在同一田间持水量处理下,叶片的相对电导率、丙二醛含量和脯氨酸含量均随着践踏强度的增加而增加,并且在所有处理中,中度践踏+75%田间持水量处理的叶片相对电导率和丙二醛含量处于最低水平;在践踏和水分双重胁迫下,践踏对叶绿素指数、群落光合速率和水分利用率的影响非常显著,而水分胁迫对其影响相对较小。本研究结果表明上海结缕草具有很强的耐旱能力,是建植节水草坪十分优良的坪用草资源,75%田间持水量和中度践踏强度可以作为开放结缕草草坪管理的重要依据。

The effects of trampling intensities and field water capacities on physiological and morphological characteristics of Shanghai zoysiagrass（Zoysia japonica Steud.cv.Shanghai） were studied under different field water capacities（90%,75% and 50%） and trampling intensities（none trampling,moderate trampling and heavy trampling）.The results showed that the electronic conductance rate and MDA content in leaves were increased with the decrease of field water capacities from 95% to 50% under none trampling treatment,but the difference among them were not significant,while proline content were significantly increased.The above-ground biomass and density of lawn were significantly decreased under heavy trampling stress in all three field water capacities,while there were no significant difference in above-ground biomass and turf density between none trampling and moderate trampling under 75% and 50% field water capacities.Under condition of the same field water capacity,the electronic conductance rate,MDA content and proline content in leaves were increased with the increase of trampling intensity,and the levels of electronic conductance rate and MDA content under combined stress of moderate trampling and 75% field water capacity were lowest among all treatments.The effect of trampling stress on photosynthetic characteristics in community level was more significant than water stress.This research indicated that the Shanghai zoysiagrass possessed very strong ability in drought resistance,and was a good turfgrass species for establishing lawn of water saving,75% field water capacity and moderate trampling intensity was important basis for managing opened zoysia lawn.