早期灌肠和口服培菲康对早产儿黄疸的影响

Effect of Early Application of Enema and Bifico on Jaundice in Premature Infants

目的探讨温生理盐水灌肠和口服培菲康对早产儿黄疸的早期干预效果。方法将148例胎龄≤35周的早产儿随机分成两组,两组早产儿在入院后均给予常规治疗护理,干预组患儿在常规治疗护理的基础上早期给予温生理盐水灌肠和口服培菲康,比较两组患儿首次排便时间、胎便转黄时间、排便次数、胆红素值、黄疸发生率和黄疸消退时间。结果干预组首次排便时间和胎便转黄时间均早于对照组(P<0.01),干预组排便次数多于对照组(P<0.01)。干预组在出生后48 h、72 h、96 h、120 h、144 h、168 h、192 h、216 h、240 h胆红素值明显低于对照组(P<0.01)。干预组黄疸发生率明显低于对照组(P<0.01);干预组黄疸消退较对照组快(P<0.01),差异均有统计学意义。结论温生理盐水灌肠和培菲康联合应用可促进排便,减少肠肝循环,降低血清胆红素浓度,对于降低黄疸的发生率,预防早产儿胆红素脑病具有重要意义。

Objective To explore the early interventional effect of enema and Bifico on jaundice in premature infants. Methods A total of 148 premature infants （gestational weeks≤ 35 weeks） were divided into intervention group and control group randomly. All the premature infants were given conventional treatment and care while the premature infants in intervention group were treated with warm brine enema and took Bifico. Results The time of first defecation in intervention group was earlier than that in control group （P〈0.01）. The days of meconium being eliminated completely were significantly shorter in intervention group than those in control group （P〈O.01）.The premature infants in intervention group defecated more frequently than those in control group did （P〈0.01）. The levels of bilirubin at 48 h, 72 h 96 h, 120 h, 144 h, 168 h, 192 h, 216 h, and 240 h in intervention group were significantly lower than those in control group respectively （P〈0.01）. The incidence of jaundice in intervention group was significantly lower than that in control group （P〈0.01）. The jaundice in intervention group faded away more quickly than that in control group （P〈0.01）. Conclusion Early application of warm brine enema and Bifico can promote defecation, prevent the enterohepatic circulation and effectively reduce the occurrence of jaundice in premature infants, which may play an important role in the prevention of bilirubin encephalopathy.