场域、惯习与文化资本——农村妇女城市社区参与边缘化的原因与对策

The Causes and Countermeasures to Involve the Rural Women into the Culture of Urban Communities

随着社会的发展变化,城市社区中出现了新的成员——农村妇女。然而,这部分农村妇女城市社区参与边缘化问题越来越突出,给城市社区建设带来了新的挑战。借助布迪厄实践社会学"场域、惯习和文化资本"的关系主义方法论分析认为,农村妇女城市社区参与边缘化的原因有:生活场域的冲突限制了农村妇女城市社区参与的空间;生活惯习的迥异制约了农村妇女城市社区参与的积极性;文化资本的差异影响了农村妇女城市社区参与的主动性。消融农村妇女城市社区参与边缘化的路径为:场域外的前提条件——改革城乡二元制的户籍制度;场域内的利益趋同——社区积极提供活动平台;惯习的适应性——农村妇女"社区人"意识的形成;文化资本的融入——提高农村妇女自我文化修养。

With the development of society,the new members appear——rural women in urban communities.However,those rural women,participating in the urban communities has become more and more difficult;has brought new challenges to the urban community building.With practice sociology of Bourdieu＂field,habitus and cultural capital＂Methodology of analysis,reasons on the marginalization of rural women：the conflict in the field of life limit the participation of rural women;very different life habit constraints enthusiasm of the participation of rural women;different cultural capital affects the participation of rural women in urban communities initiative.Paths of melting the marginalized rural women：extraterritorial premise in the field to ensure-reform of the urban-rural dual system of household registration system;convergence of interests-of the field within the active community activities platform;habit of adaptability-the formation of the ＂community＂consciousness;integration of cultural capital-to improve rural women＇s self-cultural accomplishment.