《如是观》为张大复所作献疑

Questions on Ru Shi Guan's Authorship

《如是观》是否为张大复所作,一直存有异说和争议。笔者在对张大复生平事迹进行分析的基础上,结合对张氏剧作的文本细读,发现《如是观》反满抗清的政治取向与张大复侍奉新朝的政治态度不合,《如是观》痛斥入侵的"胡人"和鞭挞里通外国的权奸,眷顾现实的思想内容与张大复剧作有意疏离现实,迷恋宗教灵异现象,称颂"天朝"的题旨蕴涵也并不一致,因此,《如是观》是张大复所作的结论大可怀疑,它有可能是明末人吴玉虹所作。

The doubts about the authorship of Ru Shi Guan have never ended among the academia. With the investigation of Zhang Dafu＇ s life and the close reading of his plays, the author in the paper argues that he is not the real author of Ru Shi Guan. For one thing, his political attitude serving the new dynasty contradicts with the political tendency of anti-Qing shown in the story. For another, his intentional diversion from the reality, his obsession about the religious providence, and the implied theme of praising the Qing Dynasty in his plays are all different from the major ideology of not only the harsh criticism on the Manchu invasion and the treason in the Ming kingdom, but the deep concern about the reality as well in Ru Shi Guan. All these considerations further consolidate the doubts about Zhang Dafu＇ s authorship, and the paper continues to argue that Wu Yuhong in the later Ming Dynasty is more likely to be the author of Ru Shi Guan.