南京市某城区部分居室室内降尘中多环芳烃的污染水平及其影响因素

Levels and influence factors of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in urban house dust of Nanjing

目的:调查城市室内降尘中多环芳烃(Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons,PAHs)的浓度及其可能的影响因素。方法:用真空吸尘器采集61家居室内降尘,高效液相色谱编程荧光法检测其中的PAHs。自制问卷调查可能影响室内PAHs分布的因素。结果:室内降尘中芴、菲和芘的检出率为100%,其余被测物质的检出率均在85%以上;几何均数的浓度范围为0.113～1.919μg/g;15种PAHs浓度之和的几何均数为10.066μg/g,最高浓度为280.395μg/g;4环及多于4环的高分子PAHs的浓度之和远高于2环和3环低分子PAHs的浓度之和;苯并芘最高浓度的风险指数达到了0.9,而苯并芘毒性当量浓度的第95百分位数以上均超过了1。没有发现显著影响室内PAHs浓度的决定因子。结论:室内多环芳烃的污染普遍存在,并且其暴露水平可能对儿童健康造成潜在的影响。尚需进一步增加样本量以分析决定室内PAHs浓度分布的影响因子。

Objective：To investigate the concentration and possible influencing factors of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons（PAHs） in urban settled house dust.Methods：Vacuum cleaner was used for gathering settled house dust in 61 urban homes,and high-performance liquid chromatography（HPLC） with fluorescence detection and wavelength programming were used for PAHs measurement.Self-administered questionnaire was used to collect the possible influencing factors on PAHs in settled house dust.Results：Of 61 samples,the detection rates of phenanthrene,fluorene and pyrene were all 100%,and others were more than 85%.The geometric mean（G） concentration range was from 0.113 to 1.919 μg / g.The G concentration of total PAHs was 10.066 μg / g,and the maximum concentration was up to 280.395 μg / g.The sum of PAHs was far higher for high molecular weight than low high molecular weight.No influencing factors were found on PAHs levels in settled house dust.Conclusion：The PAHs pollution is ubiquitous and its level might cause potential health effects.It needs further investigation with larger sample size to explore the possible influencing factors on PAHs levels in settled house dust.