基于四因素法的公路交通网络布局优化模型

Traffic networks layout and optimization model in transportation channel based on four-factor method

为提高公路网整体运行效率,从交通网络布局不合理的外在表现形式——畅通性(拥堵、过度畅通)问题分析入手,提出交通网络布局不合理是由于路网布局设计时未能考虑运输需求特性约束,导致现实路面布局与运输流不匹配。以路网整体效率最优为目标,以运输流和交通流匹配为网络优化手段,构建以线路优化成本、占用土地机会成本、运输成本和路网效率四因素为变量的交通网络布局优化比选模型,并利用实例验证模型的科学性。结果表明:利用基于四因素的公路交通网络布局优化方法,优化后的路网效率比传统的优化效果高出60%,提出的模型方法具有较好的操作性和科学性。

In order to improve the efficiency of the overall road network,from the external manifestation of the unreasonable transportation network layout（congestion,over-smooth） problem,this paper analyzed the underlying causes of its formation.It was pointed that the reasons were the road network layout design failed to consider the transportation demand and the transportation flow didn＇t match the traffic flow.The optimization model of traffic network was built with four factors as decision variables,such as expense of section optimizing,opportunity cost of land occupation,transportation fee and network efficiency.Analysis result shows that the service efficiency of transportation networks after optimization is 60% more than that of traditional planning,so the model is reasonable feasible.