从自由主义的历史流变中探析自由观的嬗变

Analysis on Transformation of Freedom Concept Based on History Change of Liberalism

自由主义作为西方社会的主流意识形态,贯穿于整个资本主义的发展过程中,可以说整个西方的思想史就是一部自由主义的发展史。自由主义先后经历了古典自由主义、功利自由主义、新自由主义、保守自由主义的历史流变。在自由主义发展的不同时期,对自由观的诠释亦存在着重大差异,有些甚至相互抵牾。随着时代的发展,自由主义自由观的发展趋向日益显明,主要表现为:侧重于以个人主义为基础的积极自由观、自由观的多元化。

As a dominating ideology of western society, liberalism plays an important role m the process oi capltausm oevelopnlent,we can say the history of western thought is a development history of liberalism. Liberalism has gone through classical liberalism, utilitarian liberalism, neo liberalism and conservative liberalism. In different periods of liberalism development, there are also significant differences for the interpreta tion of the freedom concept. Some are even mutual contradictorily. With the development of times, the development tendency of freedom con cept is increasingly obvious. It is mainly as follows：emphasis on the positive freedom concept based on individualism, the diversity of the free