论20世纪三四十年代吴尚鹰的土地思想

Research on Wu Shang-Ying's Land Thoughts in 1930s and 1940s

吴尚鹰是民国时期政府要员。他主管地政部门多年,主掌南京国民政府土地政策与土地法规的起草、制定;公务之余,还积极研究土地问题。他基于自身对土地、土地问题的理解,对近代中国土地问题进行了自己的思考:首先,针对城市土地分配问题,他继承和部分发展了"平均地权"学说;其次,他强调农村土地要"地尽其利",主张通过一系列措施来提高农村土地生产力。吴尚鹰的土地思想,具有侧重城市土地分配、强调发展农村土地生产的特点;其最大不足,是忽略了近代中国社会最为基本的问题——农村土地分配问题。

Wu Shang-Ying was an important political figure in the Republic of China.He mastered the Land Administration department,and drafted the laws and policies of the land.He inherited and developed the theory of Equalization of Land Ownership.But it focused on the city land distribution.He emphasized that the rural land should bring into full play,and paid attention to the rural land productive.His land thoughts have the character of focusing on the city's land distribution and rural land productive.And it paid no attention to the rural land distribution problem.