2011年郑州市手足口病流行病学特征分析

Epidemiological features of hand,foot,and mouth disease in Zhengzhou,2011

目的了解2011年郑州市手足口病流行特征以及病原构成。方法利用2011年疾病监测信息系统报告的手足口病例,对其流行病学特征进行分析。结果 2011年郑州市报告手足口病例为5 729例,重症409例,死亡9例。发病率为66.42/10万,病例主要集中在5岁及以下儿童,占发病总数的94.44%,1岁组儿童发病率最高,重症和死亡病例集中在低年龄组儿童的特点更为明显。0岁组儿童发生重症的比例和病死率最高,随着年龄增加各年龄组重症比例和病死率依次降低。不同类型病例的病原构成存在差异,相对于普通病例、重症病例和死亡病例肠道病毒EV71型检测阳性的比值比为6.64。结论 5岁及以下儿童是发病主要人群,年龄越小发生重症和死亡的风险越高,13～19 w是发病高峰,EV71为主要病原。

objective To learn the epidemiological features and pathogen patterns of hand, foot, and mouth disease in Zhengzhou, 2011. Methods We analyzed the epidemiological data of HFMD from the Chinese national system in 2011. Results There were 5729 re- ported HFMD cases in Zhengzhou in 2011, of which 409 were severe and were fatal. The notification rate was 66.42/per 100,000. HFMD cases were concentrated mainly in 5 year-old or even younger children, accounted for 94.44 % of the total cases. The incidence rate of 1 year old appeared to be the highest. The features of severe and death case concentrated in lower age groups were more evident, and the proportion of severe case and case fatality rate under 1 year-old was higher than that in other age groups. We also noticed that with the in- creasing of age, the proportion of severe case and case fatality rate had a decreasing trend. There was a difference between the pathogens seen. The odds risk （OR） for EVT1 isolate was higher among severe than in common cases （OR=6.64）. There was seasonal variation of pathogen composition. Conclusion Children of 5 year-old and under were the major population groups at risk of HFMD. The younger ones had higher risk of becoming severe and death cases. EV71 was the major etiological agents of HFMD.