建国以来重大公共危机事件信息公开和舆论状况考察

Survey of Information Disclosure and the Condition of Public Opinion in Major Public Crises since the Founding of PRC

考察新中国建立后重大公共危机事件中的信息公开和舆论状况,大致可将此分为前后两个阶段。在建国初期至改革开放前的阶段中,由于各种复杂的原因,重大公共危机事件发生后信息或未公开,或未充分公开,或未充分如实公开;社会舆论其实就是由官方通过官媒形成的舆论,民间舆论在多数情况下不甚活跃。"文革"期间重大公共危机事件中的舆论呈畸形状态。自改革开放以来,在重大公共危机事件的信息公开和舆论调控方面出现了历史性进步,但在不同时间、不同地域存在不平衡现象。在新媒体勃兴后,因网络舆论而改变事件走向的事时有发生,舆论状况与以往相比有了很大不同。

Examine information disclosure and the condition of public opinion in major crises since the founding of New China,it can be broadly divided into two stages.In the early days to the stage before the reform and opening up,due to a variety of complex reasons,when the major public crisis events happened,it was often undisclosed or inadequately disclosed,or was not fully truthful and open;public opinion was actually formed by the government,through the official media public opinion,civil public opinion in most cases were not very active.Public opinion in the event of a major public crisis was deformed state during the ＂Cultural Revolution＂.Historic progress have taken place since the reform and opening up in major public crisis events information disclosure and public opinion regulation,but at different times,in different regions imbalance exists.Flourishing of new media,online public opinion changing the events towards the things have occurred,the public opinion situation has been very different than the past.