汶川地震住院患者多中心回顾性对比分析

Multi-center Retrospective and Comparative Analysis of Inpatients in Wenchuan Earthquake

目的探讨综合医院住院地震伤病员的特点和疾病谱。方法收集整理三所医院收治汶川地震伤病员的诊疗信息。对比三所医院收治伤病员入院时间、基本情况和诊疗信息的差异。结果全部住院伤病员男性730人(56.5%),女性562人(43.5%)。三所医院住院患者性别、年龄组、民族、婚姻状况、手术与否和治疗结果构成差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);震区一线医院住院天数的中位数低于西京和唐都医院(P<0.001)。按照出院第一诊断,损伤或中毒住院伤病员占81.5%。结论地震等灾害后应尽早(灾后3-5天)开展伤病员转运。地震第一阶段医疗救援完成后,医疗救援重点应转向内科和慢性疾病,应提前做好应医疗准备。地震医疗救援应按照伤病员疾病谱,配置医护人员、器材、药品等,避免浪费。

Objective To investigate the characteristics and disease spectrum of the inpatients in the general hospital. Methods The clinical informa- tion of Wenchuan earthquake inpatients in the three hospitals was searched and collected. The admission times, the basic and clinical information were compared among the three hospitals. Results There were 730 males, accounting for 56.5%, and 562 females, accounting for 43.5%, in all patients. The proportions of the gender, age group, nationality, marital status, surgery or not, and treatment outcomes of the patients were significantly differ- ence among the three hospitals （ P 〈 0.05）. The median of the days in hospital of the patients in the front-line hospital was lower than that in Xijing and Tangdu Hospital （ P 〈 0.001 ）. The proportion of the patients with injury and poisoning diagnosis was 81.5% in all patients. Conclusions The pa- tients transportation should carry out as soon as possible （3 - 5 days after the disaster）, after the earthquake or other disaster. Upon the completion of the first phase of medical rescue in the earthquake, the medical rescue focus should be shifted to the internal medicine and chronic disease, and the med- ical preparation should be done in advance. The medical staff, equipment and drugs in the medical rescue should be set in accordance to the disease spec- trum of the sick and wounded.