酒精摄入对大鼠心脏、肝脏及学习记忆影响的研究

EFFECT OF ALCOHOL ON HEART AND LIVER AND THE MEMORY FUNCTION IN RAT

目的研究酒精摄入对大鼠血压、肝脏结构及学习记忆的影响。方法成年雄性SD大鼠随机分为酒精组与对照组。酒精组给予50%酒精1 ml/(100g bw.d),每天分两次灌胃,对照组给予等量生理盐水灌胃。两组均于灌胃6w后Morris水迷宫观察大鼠学习记忆的改变、颈总动脉插管观察血压,HE染色观察心肌细胞、肝细胞、海马结构的变化。结果⑴与对照组大鼠相比,酒精组大鼠平均逃避潜伏期时间及搜索距离延长(P<0.05);撤离平台后120s内穿过原平台象限内游泳的时间及原平台象限游泳距离占总距离的百分比减小(P<0.05)。⑵两组大鼠血压比较无显著性差异。⑶光镜下观察:与对照组比较酒精组大鼠心肌纤维及海马结构未见明显不同;酒精组大鼠肝细胞有明显的脂肪变性。结论酒精摄入使大鼠学习记忆能力下降、大鼠肝细胞脂肪变性,其对血压的影响还有待进一步研究。

Objective To study the effect of alcohol intake on blood pressure,liver structure and the influence of learning and memory in rat.Methods Sixteen Sprague-Dawley male adult rats were randomly divided into 2 groups.Alcohol（10 ml/kg bw,50% alcohol） was administered i.g.in the alcohol group.Equal volume of 0.9% normal saline was given similarly to the control group.Morris water maze tests were used to detect the ability of learning and memory after 6 w.The cardiac catheter technique was used through carotid artery to measure the changes of blood pressure.Then the rats hearts,liver and brain were removed and examined for pathology by HE stain.Results（1）Compared with the control group,the escape latency and the searching distance were extended significantly.The explore time and the distance of original platform area in proportion to the total time and distance decreased significantly in the alcohol group.（2） Compared with the control group,the parameters of the blood pressure in the alcohol groups were decreased slightly without statistical significance.（3） Under the light microscopic examination after alcohol intake for 6 w,the myocardial cells and hippocampus looked almost normal.The liver cells had prominent fatty degeneration in the alcohol group.Conclusion（1） Chronic alcohol intake reduces the ability of learning and memory in rats.（2） Alcohol can cause fatty degeneration of hepatic cells.（3）The effect of alcohol on blood pressure still needs further study.